Grain-separator



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. 'BAGHMA'N.

GRAIN SEPARATOR. No. 340,752. Patented Apr. 27, 1886.

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(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 J. BAGHMAN.

GRAIN SEPARATOR.

No. 340,752. ted Apr. 27, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JACOB BAGHMAN, OF STONY BUN, PENNSYLVANIA.

CRAlN-SEPARATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 340,752, dated April 27, 1.886.

Application filed August 2 0, 1884. Serial No. 141,085. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JACOB BAOHMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stony Run, in the county of Berks and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grain-Separators; and I here by declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description,suoh as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to grain-separators; and it consists in the detailed construction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In carrying out my invention, I provide an adjustable sliding hopper on the top of the machine, through which the mixed grain, chaff, and straw may enter. They then pass between a revolving tosser and two shakers, which loosen them, and allow them to fall upon the upper shaking-shoe. A revolving fan at the front part of the machine sends a strong current of air upward through the said shoe,

' and blows the straw and chaff out at the opposite end of the machine, The upper shakingshoe is provided with adjustable slats. The grain and heavy rubbish fall through these slats upon the lower shaking-shoe, where they are further acted upon by the blast from the fan, and the said lower shaking-shoe is furnished with a sieve,through which the clean grain cannot pass. The rubbish which goes through this sieve falls through an opening in the bottom of the shoe into a sliding receptacle undereath it, while the clean grain passes down a chute to the front end of the machine. A conveyer is attached at the front end of the machine for collecting the clean grain and delivering it to an adjustable elevator, which discharges it at any required height above the ground. m

I will now proceed to describe my invention more particularly with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the separator, looking downward from above. Fig. 2 is a side view of the separator, looking at the side to which the drivinggear is attached. Fig.

3 is a side view of the machine, looking at Fig. 8 is adetail end view of the cam mechanism for actuating the shaking-shoes and the upper shaker, looking from the rear end of the machine and showinga portion of its side casing in section. Fig. 9 is a vertical section through the speedregulator, looking from the front end of the machine, and showing the ends of the fan-shaft only, with the fan and middle portion of the shaft removed. Fig.

10 is a detail plan view of a portion of one of the screen slats, showing the grooves in it. Fig. 11 is a detail view of one of the screwbars for adjusting the slats.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre sponding parts in all the figures.

A is an adjustable sliding hopper, provided with the beveled flanges A at its base, which slide back and forth in the beveled guides A firmly attached to the top portion, A of the separator casing. The opening at the bottom of the hopper may be varied, and the feed regulated by sliding the hopper back and forth in its guides, and allowing the open bottom of it to project more or less over the opening A in the top A of the casing.

A is the curved portion of the casing'which covers the fan at the front end of the separator.

A is the side casing on the drivinggear side, and A is the side casing on the opposite Sideof the separator away from the drivingear. g A are four upright posts,which form apart of the framing, and support the whole machine.

A is the sloping bottom of the separator.

A is a cross-piece at the front end and A is a cross-piece at the rear end of the machine, each cross-piece being firmly secured to two of the posts A I prefer not to cut an air- IOO . supply hole in the said casing A but to use a slanting partition, a having the airsupply hole a in it.

a is an opening in the fancasing A between the partition a and the side casing, A through which the supply of air is drawn. This construction enables the supply of air to be drawn in by the fan without carrying chaff and rubbish in with it.

B is the fan-shaft journaled in bearings B, attached to the posts A at the front of the machine.

B is a pinion connected with the shaft B by means of the friction-device B, which is the same as that fully described in the Letters Patent issued to me on January 23, 1883, No. 270,882.

O is the driving gear wheel, keyed upon the driving shaft 0, journaled in suitable bearings on the side of the machine.

(J is a crank secured on the end of the shaft C, for imparting rotary motion to the fanshaft, through the wheel 0 and pinion B.

The fan is an improvement upon that described in the aforesaid Patent N 0. 270,882, and it consists of a central hub, D, secured upon the shaft B by the set-screw d, for carrying the main fan wings D, and two sliding hubs, D which may be secured in any desired position upon the shaft B by the set-screws d thereby regulating the positions of the auxiliary wings D Each of the main fan-wings D is secured to the hub D by a Y-shaped arm, d, which is screwed into the said hub and provided with a lock-nut. The wings D may be turned so as to throw them out of line with the shaft B, in either direction in which it may be advisable to direct the force of the blast, by first slacking the lock-nuts and then turning the Y-shaped arms, the other portions of the fan being sufficiently elastic to permit of this slight movement.

l) is a thin central disk formed of four flanged portions, which connect the main wings of the fan together. The auxiliary wings D are secured to the main wings near the hub by pivots d". d" are the rods which connect the said auxiliary wings with the lugs on the sliding hubs D In order to increase the effectiveness of the main fan-wings, I form chamfers d upon their ends at the back and chamfers d upon the outer edge of the front face of each alternate wing. I also form chamfers d upon the faces of the auxiliary wings D as I find that this form of construction materially increases their efficiency. The effective area of the fan-wings is regulated by the movement of the sliding hubs, which are connected to the auxiliary wings. p

E is the upper shaker upon which the grain and chaff descend from the hopper. This shaker E is provided with a single row of tines, E, projecting from it, the end pieces, E and the journals E projecting from the end pieces.

13* are guide-slots in the side casings of the machine, through which thejournals E pass. These slots determine the motion given to the upper shaker.

E are arms secured one upon each end'of a shaft, E, which extends through the machine beneath the shaker E and is journaled in the side casings. Each arm has a forked end, E which engages with one of the journals E, and one of the said arms has an end, E having holes in it.

E is a crank-pin projecting from the rotat ing pulley K"; and E is a connecting-rod for communicating the motion of the said crankpin to the arm provided with the end E and thereby operating the upper shaker, E. The lower shaker, e, is situatedlower down behind the upper shaker, E. This lower shaker, e, is provided with two rows of tines, c and e, of which those marked 6 are straight, and are made long and short and placed alternately. The lower tines, 6 are also placed alternately long and short, but are bent downward, as shown, and are placed under the spaces between the tines c of the upper row.

Theshaker e is journaledin the sides of the upper shaking-shoe, F, on the pivots e e, and it therefore partakes of the shaking movements of the said shoe F, which will be more fully described hereinafter.

The side casings of the machine have slots 6 through which the pivots e 6 project freely, the pivot e after passing through the side casing, being bent down and attached thereto by the pin e"',which passes through an eye, 6, in the end of the pivot 6 A spring, a is attached to the outside of the side casing and presses upon that portion of the pivot e which is bent downward. A roller, 0". is journaled on the end of the pivot 6 outside the opposite side casing of the machine and presses upon the sloping track e, which is secured to the said side casing. WVhen the longitudinal motion of the shoe F carries the shaker 6 backward, the roller 6 ascends the track 0" against the pressure of the spring e and thus gives the said shaker a lateral movement. In consequence of being rigidly screwed into the side casing the pin 6, to which the end of pivot e is-attached, causes the shaker e to have a radial motion about it as a center, and the motion of the rows of tines e and e is therefore a compound of these longitudinal, lateral, and radial movements, and this compound or sinuous motion is found to loosen the mate- ICO rials upon which the said shaker operates very draw the straw to the rear of the machine, where it is discharged by the blast from the fan.

F are spring-links, by which the shoe F is suspended from the side casings of the machine. These links are pivoted upon pins which connect them to the casings and to the shoe, so that the said shoe can move laterally as well as longitudinally.

The slats of the screen are placed in the frame F The elevation of the ends of the frame may be varied, and the frame can be secured in any position chosen by tightening the screwed pinching-rod F which forms the cross-brace at the rear end of the shoe, and by which the sides of it can be drawn together tightly upon the frame F 4 The slats in the screen are made of wood of various widths, and are provided with a tongue, f, at each end.

The frame F is madein two pieces, held to gether by screwsf. The tongues can be fast ened in the space between the two pieces of the said frame by drawing them together by the screws.

The slats of the screen consist of a fixed dead-plate, f, at one end, a series of movable.

slats, f and a triangular bar, f. The deadplatej" has a narrow sliding plate, f, on the top of it, which is adjustable by hand. The remaining slats are placed in the frame, so that airspaces are left between them, the

. width of which spaces increases toward the back and forth when the said bars are rotated by means of a handle or wrench applied to their square ends, f The opposite ends of the bars F are journaled in the dead-plate tongues, which do not move. The pitch of the screw-threads on the portions f is increased from front to back, so that the distances between the slats may all be increased simultaneously, and kept at the same ratio apart from one another when the said bars are rotated.

The upper surfaces of the dead-plate and slats are corrugated, as shown in the drawings. The glOOVQSf run the full length of the slats, and are connected together by the short crossgroovesf. A series of grooves, f", is also out upon the surface of each slat at the rear edge.

H is the lower shaking-shoe, suspended from the upper shaking-shoe, F, by the springlink H. These links have holes h in them, which engage with pins h, projecting from the side casings of the mach ne, so that the upper and lower shoes are also supported by the said pins, and so that whatever movement is given to one shoe, whether longitudinal or lateral, immediately produces a correspondinglyopposite movement of the other. These opposite lateral movements'are caused by the said spring-links H being loosely pivoted on the pins h about the middle of their length, and pivoted to the upper and lower shaking-shoes at their opposite ends.

The shoe H consists of two sides held together by the bottom plate, H", having a long opening, h, therein, through which the screenings may fall.

H is a wire sieve, situated near the bottom H of the shoe. The clean grain which cannot pass through this sieve slides off it at the front end and passes down the chute I to the conveyer. The screenings which pass through the sieve H fall through the opening it into the sliding receptacle J underneatlnfrom which they can be removed from time to time as they accumulate.

In order to operate upon the grain and chaff in a thorough and efficient manner, the shoes F and H have a compound shaking motion given to them, which resembles in many respects that given to a common sieve when operated by hand. This compound motion consits of two movementslateral and longitudinalwhich are communicated to the screens suddenly, so that the materials on them are jerked about and prevented from accumulating at any one place. The lateral movement is effected by means of the cam K, to which a rotary motion is given by the pulley K, which may be cast solid with or bolted to it. This pulley is driven by a belt from the fan-shaft. The cam K and pulley K arejournaled upon the spindle K, which is provided with the flange K at one end, and by which flange it is securely bolted to the side casing of the separator. A bent rod, 7c, having the collar or nut [6' upon it, is secured to the shoe F by the nut k upon the screwed end of the rod.

This nut holds the side of the shoe tightly between itself and the said collar. The other end of the bent rodk is provided with aroller, k which is pressed upon the face of the cam K by the pressure of the spring-links F and H inside the machine, and thereby communicates a lateral movement to the shoes, derived from the form of the face of the said cam-plate.

The longitudinal movement of the shoes F and H is derived from the strikershaft L, journaled in bearings at the rear of the machine, and provided with the pulley L for rotating it. Two strikers, U, are secured upon the striker-shaft-one at each end of it-which press against the striker-blocks h on the bottom of the lower shoe, H, and thrust the said shoe backward twice during each revolution of the shaft L. The reverse movement of the shoe H is effected by the springs Z, which press against the spring-blocks h on the bottom of the said shoe. The springs Z are securely connected to the spring shaft Z, which is carried by the brackets Z.

Z is a small handwheel, fastened ou the end of the shaft Z, for turning it in the brackets Z and thereby increasing the pressure of the springs Z against the spring-blocks.

IIO

Z is a thumb-screw for securing the springshaft in the brackets when the pressure of the springs has been adjusted.

M is a slide in the bottom of the chute I, through which a portion of the grain can be let out when desired. The chute I delivers the clean grain at the front end of the machine low down beneath the fan-casing. In order,therefore,to avoid the labor of shoveling it up by hand a screw-conveyer, i, is provided. This conveyer does not differ materially from screw-conveyers as ordinarily constructed for grain. It is inclosed in the box 2 and is driven from the pulley t" on the fan'shaft by the belt 1', which passes over the pulley i on the end of the conveyer-shaft. The conveyer t delivers the grain at the side of the machine to the swing elevator N, which consists of a screw similar to the conveyer, and is driven from the pulley N on the striker-shaft by the belt N*, which passes round the pulley N on the lower end of the elevator-shaft.

In order that the elevator N may deliver the grain at any convenient elevation, the elevator-box N is pivotally connected to the conveyer-box i by means of the circular flange n, secured upon the end of the said conveyerboX. This flange n is engaged by four flanged rollers, n, which are pivoted upon pins n on the side of the elevatorbox. These flanged rollers allow the elevator to be pivotally adjusted, so as to deliver the grain into bags through the spout n at any convenient elevation.

In order that the speed of the various rotating parts of the machine may be adjusted withoutstopping them,the friction device I) is employed at one end of the fairshaft. This device is the same as that described in my Patent No. 270,882, of January 23, 1883, previously referred to, the pinion B taking the place of the friction-hub therein shown and described. A somewhat similar device is applied to the other end of the fan-shaft. This device consists of the collar 0, secured to the fanshaft B, the pulley 0, loosely journaled on the said shaft, and the sliding friction-washer 0 having the projection 0 which engages with a spline cut in the fan-shaft, so that the washer always turns with the shaft, although free to slide back and forth upon it.

o is a spring which presses the washer 0 against the pulley 0, and thereby communicates the rotary motion of the shaft to the said pulley.

0 is the spring-box, and 0 a screw by which the pressure of the spring may be adjusted. The screw 0 works back and forth in the upper end of the arm' P, the lower end of which is pivoted to an extension of the bracket P by the pin 12. The bracket P is bolted to the side casing ofthe separator, and a bearingqa, is formed in the upper end of it, which assists in carrying the fan-shaft.

P is a grooved pulley for rotating the pin p which is journaled in the arm P, and is provided with a screw-threaded end, 11 which engages with a screw-threaded hole in the bracket P. A head, 19*, is formed on the opposite end of the pin 10', so that when the pulley P is rotated the upper end of the arm P is caused to approach or recede from the bracket P, and the friction washer presses with greater or less force against the pulley 0.

R is a foot-lever pivoted at its center on the pin R, which may project from a bracket, R fastened to the ground.

0' are lugs for the attachment of the cord 7", which is wound round the pulley P and turns it when either end of the foot-lever is de pressed. i

S is a continuous driving-belt, which passes from the under side of the pulley 0 over the top of pulley G, round the pulley L, over the top of the pulley K, and back over the top of the pulley 0.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a grain-separator, the combination of asliding hopper having an open bottom and flanges at the base of it, registering with the open bottom of the said hopper and regulating the feed therefrom, and with guides in which the hopper-flanges may slide back and forth, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a grain-separator, the combination of a revolving faushaft having a hub secured thereon, the main fan-wings, the screw-arms (2, securing the fan-wings to the said hub, the

lock-nuts for securing the said arms when the fan-wings are turned out of line with the shaft,

and the thin central disk, D", for connecting the main fan-wings together, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a grain-separator, the combination of the revolving shaft B, having hub D, the main fan-wings D, having chamfers d and d upon their edges, the arms 01, screwed into the said hub and provided with lock-nuts, the thin central disk, D, connecting the main wings together, the auxiliary wings D having chamfers d, the sliding hubs D, having set-screws d and the rods d, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination of a shaking-shoe, the lower shaker, e, journaled in the said shoe and having two rows of tines, e and c and the pivots e and c, the pin 6 passing through an eye in the bent end of the pivot e, the roller 6", journaled in the end of the pivot e, the spring 6 and the sloping track 6 for communicating a sinuous movement to the said shaker, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of the upper shaker, E, having a longitudinal movement, the lower shaker, 6, having a sinuous movement, and the tosser G, provided with tines G and having a continuous rotary movement, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination of a shaking-shoe consisting of side pieces held together by crosspieces at each end, the frame F made in two IIO pieces and supported by the said side pieces, aseries of slats having tongues f, placed between the pieces of the frame, and the screws f, for securing the said tongues, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the frame F made in two pieces, the screws f for drawing the two pieces of the frame together, a series of movable slats having tongues f at their ends and grooves f f and f upon their surfaces, and the bars F, having screw-threaded portions f thereon of increasing pitch for engaging with the said tongues and regulating the distanee between the said slats, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination of the shaking-shoe F, the spring-links F, pivoted to it at their lower ends, the side casings of the machine having pins projecting therefrom and pivotally engaging with the upper ends of links F, the cam K, the rotating pulley K, the spindle K", provided with a flange for attaching it to the side casing, the bent rod k, projecting from the side of the said shoe, and the roller k bearing upon the face of the said cam, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination of the shaking'shoe H, provided with striker-blocks 72 and blocks h, the spring-links for supporting the shoe, the strikers L", secured upon a revolving shaft, the springs Z, the shaft Z, the brackets Z, the hand-wheel Z and the thumbscrews Z, for adjusting the pressure of the said springs, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination of the lower shoe, H, mechanism for shaking it longitudinally, the upper shoe, F, mechanism for shaking it laterally, the spring-links H, connecting the two shoes together, the stationary pins pivotally engaging with the middle parts of links H, so that the said shoes move simultaneously in op posite directions, the spring-links F, the lower shaker, e, journaled in the sides of the shoe F, and provided with the pivots e and e, the pin 0, the spring e the roller 0, and the sloping track e substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. A grainseparator comprising a revolving fan, a series of shaking-screens for cleaning the grain, the chute I for conducting the clean grain to the lower front end of the machine underneath the fan-casing, the screw-conveyer i, the conveyer-box provided with the circular flange 11-, the adjustable screw-elevator N, and the elevatonbox; provided with the flanged rollers n, pivotally connecting it to the conveyer-easing, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. A grain-separator comprising a revolving fan, a series of shaking-screens for cleaning the grain, the mechanism for actuating the said screens driven by revolving pulleys L and K, the fan-shaft B, provided with the pinion B and the friction device B at one end of it, and having the collar 0, the pulley 0,

and the sliding friction-washer 0" on the other end of it, the spring 0*, the spring-box 0 and the screw 0", for pressing the sliding washer 0 against the said pulley, the arm P, carrying the said screw, the bracket P, bolted to the framing of the machine and having the lower end of the said arm pivoted to an extension of it by the pin 19, the grooyed pulley I, the pin f, having the screw-threaded end 19 and head p,,the foot-lever R, connected to the pulley P by a cord, and the belt S, communicating a variable velocity from the pulley 0 to the said pulleys L and K, according to the position of the said foot-lever, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

JACOB BAOHMAN.

Witnesses:

THOMAS P. KINSEY, F. Pmnon HUMMEL. 

